Development and Deployment of Public Transport Policy and Planning in Taiwan

Over the past decade, the escalating roadway congestion and environmental deterioration due to heavy use of private vehicles have provoked the Taiwan government to realize the importance of public transport systems. Under the “carrot-and-stick” rationales, the government has formulated public transport policies and exercised a series of related initiatives by providing sufficient and higher quality of public transport services so as to attract more private vehicle users. In this paper, the planning philosophy and policy formulation of Taiwan’s public transport development are highlighted. The most important initiatives, including the Five-year Enhancement of Mass Transportation Program and the upgrading public transport schemes in the National Development Plan are examined. Based on previous experience and lessons, we point out the most challenging issues that the government will encounter. Suggestions for the future of public transport planning are also addressed.     

渝长高速公路可持续发展能力分析

随着高速公路的大规模建设,2005年我国高速公路通车里程突破4万km,其在社会经济发展中作用日益凸显,如何保证高速公路持续、稳定的运营,以满足不断增长的交通运输需求就显得尤为重要.应用目标持续性评价的理论方法对渝长高速公路的可持续发展能力进行了分析,有助于确保项目在运营期内提高质量的运输服务.     

基于可持续发展的综合运输客运结构略谈

综合运输客运结构是区域客运特征的反映,是区域经济、社会发展对客运要求的体现.“十二五”期间是加快转变经济发展方式的攻坚时期,客运结构需要适应经济发展方式转变、经济结构调整的新要求.借鉴国际客运结构的发展规律,分析了主要影响因素,并以此为基础分析我国综合运输客运结构现状及发展趋势,供决策参考.     

香港地铁运营成本分析及其启示

地铁运营成本是论证项目必要性及可行性的关键,是评价企业运营效率的核心指标,是影响地铁票价水平的重要因素。由于地铁运营成本复杂性等多种因素,各地政府及运营企业难以有效掌控地铁运营成本。以香港地铁为例,采用定量分析与定性分析相结合的方法,以定量的手段分析地铁运营成本的具体构成,研究各成本组成项的特征及其变化规律,进而从定性的角度对地铁建设、运营以及管理提出了相应建议。     

新建市域(郊)铁路可持续发展研究

结合市域(郊)铁路的功能定位、技术途径选择、建设运营模式及车站综合开发,就目前新建市域(郊)铁路可持续发展方面存在的问题进行分析和研究,在满足市域(郊)铁路基本客运需求的前提下,考虑富余运力兼顾货运以提高项目收入,采用混合所有制建设运营以减少建设运营成本和延长还本付息期限及车站综合开发方式,提出可持续发展的建议。     

Socially and environmentally appropriate urban futures for the motor car

In its relatively short life, the automobile has provided a level of mobility unlikely to have been feasible with a reliance on conventional forms of land based public transport. It has contributed in both a positive and negative way to the quality of life, transforming our cities, our way of life, and giving us a greater command over time and space. Concern over the undesirable social and environmental impacts has increased over time, with calls for governments to take action to reduce the automobile's dominant role. New investment in fixed-track public transport and bus priority systems together with strategies to discourage travel have been proposed to improve accessibility and to aid in cleaning up the physical environment. This paper reviews some of the issues facing society as it works to identify policies to achieve an economically and environmentally sustainabie future. There is a need for a broader set of policies to facilitate alternative land use-transport lifestyles while facing appropriate pricing signals. Some of the key issues are adjustments in the relative prices of location and transport, spatial incentives to make public transport economically viable (i.e. changing urban densities, zoning/incentive changes to allow more infill), road pricing (i.e. charging cars the economic cost of using the roads), new information technology systems (e.g. IVHS) to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of transport infrastructure, major improvements in the fuel efficiency of fossil fuelled vehicles, and alternative-fuelled vehicles (clean-air vehicles).     

三维植被网路基边坡防护

三维植被网作为一种新型的坡面防护材料 ,具有很好的使用性能和推广价值。本文详细介绍其特点、优点以及施工工艺。并给出运用实例     

公路交通可持续发展评价指标及评价方法研究

根据公路交通可持续发展评价的内容和特点,从公路交通可持续发展水平、发展能力、发展协调性3个方面建立了评价指标体系;提出了指标属性值和无量纲化的计算方法;应用模糊识别原理,结合AHP权重确定方法,依据公路交通可持续发展目标(级别划分)的实现程度,提出公路交通可持续发展的多级模糊识别综合评价模型;其评价方法和模型,反映了公路交通可持续发展的内涵,对区域公路交通可持续发展评价有借鉴作用。最后,进行了实证研究。     

浅谈新常态下海员的现状与可持续发展

海员是我国从海洋大国向海洋强国转变的中流砥柱,他们为发展国民经济、保证航运安全和扩大对外开放做出了巨大的贡献。但是从当前形势来分析,我国对海员的教育培训力度和关怀力度却远远跟不上海洋经济的发展。文中主要指出我国海员目前所面临的发展现状,结合国外海员的发展模式及可吸取的经验,对我国海员的可持续发展做出较为全面的策略探讨。     

可持续交通——各方观点和长期挑战

从交通研究者和实践者的角度出发,以可持续交通这一概念为中心展开讨论。可持续交通宽泛地反映了可持续发展在交通领域的原则。随着可持续性这一概念的外延逐渐扩大,在它的定义、应用和价值取向上出现了不同观点。着重讨论可持续交通,以及如何理解和运用可持续交通,包括:1)将可持续性或者可持续发展作为一个整体的概念,包括关于可持续性的不同方法和定义之间的冲突;2)对可持续交通以及交通领域对其理解的探索;3)使用指标来实现可持续性的应用。然后识别了通往可持续交通之路的若干挑战,包括缺乏清晰定义、可持续性的固有冲突、可持续发展的跨领域本质、各种工作框架和指标体系、可持续发展的政治因素和交通领域实践中的不同观点。基于在该课题上的研究积累,总结解决这些问题的工作框架,提出因地制宜、注重结果、整体的方法来解决可持续交通中的挑战。